diff --git a/assets/locale/en_US.po b/assets/locale/en_US.po
index 152d257d..56b8c588 100644
--- a/assets/locale/en_US.po
+++ b/assets/locale/en_US.po
@@ -24,4 +24,11 @@ msgstr "Display"
 
 #: src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.c
 msgid "ui.settings.tabs.audio"
-msgstr "Audio"
\ No newline at end of file
+msgstr "Audio"
+
+msgid "ui.settings.input.deadzone"
+msgstr "Deadzone"
+
+#: src/dusk/ui/frame/uiconfirm.c
+msgid "ui.confirm.discard_changes"
+msgstr "Discard unsaved changes?"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/dusk/input/input.c b/src/dusk/input/input.c
index 060b9962..80a5d83d 100644
--- a/src/dusk/input/input.c
+++ b/src/dusk/input/input.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ input_t INPUT;
 
 errorret_t inputInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&INPUT, sizeof(input_t));
+  INPUT.deadzone = INPUT_DEADZONE_DEFAULT;
 
   for(uint8_t i = 0; i < INPUT_ACTION_COUNT; i++) {
     INPUT.actions[i].action = (inputaction_t)i;
diff --git a/src/dusk/input/input.h b/src/dusk/input/input.h
index b1545979..06093eef 100644
--- a/src/dusk/input/input.h
+++ b/src/dusk/input/input.h
@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@
 
 #define INPUT_LISTENER_PRESSED_MAX 16
 #define INPUT_LISTENER_RELEASED_MAX INPUT_LISTENER_PRESSED_MAX
+#define INPUT_DEADZONE_DEFAULT 0.1f
 
 typedef struct {
   inputactiondata_t actions[INPUT_ACTION_COUNT];
 
   inputplatform_t platform;
+
+  /** User-configured gamepad axis deadzone (0.0f to 1.0f). */
+  float_t deadzone;
 } input_t;
 
 extern input_t INPUT;
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/game/uigamemenu.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/game/uigamemenu.c
index c8d78d60..4d5d7c96 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/game/uigamemenu.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/game/uigamemenu.c
@@ -29,20 +29,13 @@ void uiGameMenuSelected(
 errorret_t uiGameMenuInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_GAME_MENU, sizeof(uigamemenu_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_GAME_MENU.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, uiGameMenuSelected, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_GAME_MENU.items;
-
-  MENU_BEGIN();
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_GAME_MENU.menu, UI_GAME_MENU.items, uiGameMenuSelected, NULL, NULL
+  );
   MENU_BUTTON("Characters");
   MENU_BUTTON("Settings");
 
-  assertTrue(
-    menuIndex <= UI_GAME_MENU_ITEM_COUNT,
-    "Game menu item count mismatch"
-  );
-
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_GAME_MENU.items, menuIndex, 1);
+  MENU_END(UI_GAME_MENU.items, 1);
 
   errorOk();
 }
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/CMakeLists.txt b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/CMakeLists.txt
index 61e464ab..4a8bf2f6 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 target_sources(${DUSK_LIBRARY_TARGET_NAME}
   PUBLIC
     uisettings.c
+    uisettingsdiscard.c
     uisettingsgameplay.c
     uisettingsinput.c
     uisettingsdisplay.c
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.c
index 9e2e9902..a562173d 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.c
@@ -19,6 +19,68 @@
 #include "locale/localemanager.h"
 #include "asset/loader/locale/assetlocaleloader.h"
 
+typedef struct {
+  const char_t *localeId;
+  errorret_t (*init)(void);
+  errorret_t (*draw)(
+    const float_t x,
+    const float_t y,
+    const float_t width,
+    const float_t height
+  );
+  errorret_t (*update)(void);
+  void (*open)(void);
+  void (*load)(void);
+  void (*apply)(void);
+  bool_t (*hasChanges)(void);
+} uisettingstabdef_t;
+
+static const uisettingstabdef_t UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT] = {
+  [UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY] = {
+    .localeId = "ui.settings.tabs.gameplay",
+    .init = uiSettingsGameplayInit,
+    .draw = uiSettingsGameplayDraw,
+    .update = uiSettingsGameplayUpdate,
+    .open = uiSettingsGameplayOpen,
+    .load = uiSettingsGameplayLoad,
+    .apply = uiSettingsGameplayApply,
+    .hasChanges = uiSettingsGameplayHasChanges
+  },
+
+  [UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT] = {
+    .localeId = "ui.settings.tabs.input",
+    .init = uiSettingsInputInit,
+    .draw = uiSettingsInputDraw,
+    .update = uiSettingsInputUpdate,
+    .open = uiSettingsInputOpen,
+    .load = uiSettingsInputLoad,
+    .apply = uiSettingsInputApply,
+    .hasChanges = uiSettingsInputHasChanges
+  },
+
+  [UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DISPLAY] = {
+    .localeId = "ui.settings.tabs.display",
+    .init = uiSettingsDisplayInit,
+    .draw = uiSettingsDisplayDraw,
+    .update = uiSettingsDisplayUpdate,
+    .open = uiSettingsDisplayOpen,
+    .load = uiSettingsDisplayLoad,
+    .apply = uiSettingsDisplayApply,
+    .hasChanges = uiSettingsDisplayHasChanges
+  },
+
+  [UI_SETTINGS_TAB_AUDIO] = {
+    .localeId = "ui.settings.tabs.audio",
+    .init = uiSettingsAudioInit,
+    .draw = uiSettingsAudioDraw,
+    .update = uiSettingsAudioUpdate,
+    .open = uiSettingsAudioOpen,
+    .load = uiSettingsAudioLoad,
+    .apply = uiSettingsAudioApply,
+    .hasChanges = uiSettingsAudioHasChanges
+  }
+};
+
 uisettings_t UI_SETTINGS;
 
 void uiSettingsTabSelected(
@@ -26,81 +88,44 @@ void uiSettingsTabSelected(
   const uint8_t index,
   const uimenuitem_t *item
 ) {
-  switch(index) {
-    case UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY:
-      uiSettingsGameplayOpen();
-      break;
+  if(index >= UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT) return;
+  UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[index].open();
+}
 
-    case UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT:
-      uiSettingsInputOpen();
-      break;
-
-    case UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DISPLAY:
-      uiSettingsDisplayOpen();
-      break;
-
-    case UI_SETTINGS_TAB_AUDIO:
-      uiSettingsAudioOpen();
-      break;
-
-    default:
-      break;
-  }
+void uiSettingsTabsClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
+  uiSettingsDiscardClosed(&UI_SETTINGS.discard);
 }
 
 errorret_t uiSettingsInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_SETTINGS, sizeof(uisettings_t));
 
-  errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
-    &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
-    "ui.settings.tabs.gameplay",
-    0,
-    UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY],
-    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX
-  ));
-  errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
-    &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
-    "ui.settings.tabs.input",
-    0,
-    UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT],
-    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX
-  ));
-  errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
-    &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
-    "ui.settings.tabs.display",
-    0,
-    UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DISPLAY],
-    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX
-  ));
-  errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
-    &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
-    "ui.settings.tabs.audio",
-    0,
-    UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_AUDIO],
-    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX
-  ));
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
+      &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
+      UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].localeId,
+      0,
+      UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[i],
+      UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX
+    ));
+  }
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, uiSettingsTabSelected, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_SETTINGS.tabs;
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu, UI_SETTINGS.tabs, uiSettingsTabSelected,
+    uiSettingsTabsClosed, NULL
+  );
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    MENU_TAB(UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[i]);
+  }
+  MENU_END(UI_SETTINGS.tabs, menuIndex);
 
-  MENU_BEGIN();
-  MENU_TAB(UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY]);
-  MENU_TAB(UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT]);
-  MENU_TAB(UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DISPLAY]);
-  MENU_TAB(UI_SETTINGS.tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_AUDIO]);
-
-  assertTrue(
-    menuIndex <= UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT,
-    "Settings tab count mismatch"
+  uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+    &UI_SETTINGS.discard, &UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu, uiSettingsHasChanges,
+    uiSettingsLoad
   );
 
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_SETTINGS.tabs, menuIndex, menuIndex);
-
-  errorChain(uiSettingsGameplayInit());
-  errorChain(uiSettingsInputInit());
-  errorChain(uiSettingsDisplayInit());
-  errorChain(uiSettingsAudioInit());
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    errorChain(UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].init());
+  }
 
   errorOk();
 }
@@ -108,8 +133,8 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsInit(void) {
 errorret_t uiSettingsDraw(void) {
   if(!uiMenuIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu)) errorOk();
 
-  const float_t width = 220.0f;
-  const float_t height = 150.0f;
+  const float_t width = SCREEN.width;
+  const float_t height = SCREEN.height;
   const float_t x = (float_t)SCREEN.scanX +
     ((float_t)SCREEN.scanWidth - width) * 0.5f;
   const float_t y = (float_t)SCREEN.scanY +
@@ -134,25 +159,32 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsDraw(void) {
   const float_t pageY = contentY + tabsRowHeight + UI_FRAME_PADDING_Y;
   const float_t pageHeight = contentHeight - tabsRowHeight - UI_FRAME_PADDING_Y;
 
-  if(uiTabIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabs[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY].tab)) {
-    errorChain(uiSettingsGameplayDraw(contentX, pageY, contentWidth, pageHeight));
-  } else if(uiTabIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabs[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT].tab)) {
-    errorChain(uiSettingsInputDraw(contentX, pageY, contentWidth, pageHeight));
-  } else if(uiTabIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabs[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DISPLAY].tab)) {
-    errorChain(uiSettingsDisplayDraw(contentX, pageY, contentWidth, pageHeight));
-  } else if(uiTabIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabs[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_AUDIO].tab)) {
-    errorChain(uiSettingsAudioDraw(contentX, pageY, contentWidth, pageHeight));
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    if(!uiTabIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabs[i].tab)) continue;
+    errorChain(UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].draw(
+      contentX, pageY, contentWidth, pageHeight
+    ));
+    break;
   }
 
   errorChain(spriteBatchFlush());
   errorOk();
 }
 
+errorret_t uiSettingsUpdate(void) {
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    errorChain(UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].update());
+  }
+
+  return uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(&UI_SETTINGS.discard);
+}
+
 bool_t uiSettingsIsOpen(void) {
   return uiMenuIsActive(&UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu);
 }
 
 void uiSettingsOpen() {
+  uiSettingsLoad();
   uiMenuOpen(&UI_SETTINGS.tabsMenu);
 }
 
@@ -163,3 +195,22 @@ void uiSettingsClose() {
 errorret_t uiSettingsDispose(void) {
   errorOk();
 }
+
+void uiSettingsLoad(void) {
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].load();
+  }
+}
+
+void uiSettingsApply(void) {
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].apply();
+  }
+}
+
+bool_t uiSettingsHasChanges(void) {
+  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT; i++) {
+    if(UI_SETTINGS_TAB_DEFS[i].hasChanges()) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.h
index 97f9158d..e00466ed 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettings.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "error/error.h"
 #include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
 
 #define UI_SETTINGS_TAB_GAMEPLAY 0
 #define UI_SETTINGS_TAB_INPUT 1
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ typedef struct {
   uimenu_t tabsMenu;
   uimenuitem_t tabs[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT];
   char_t tabLabels[UI_SETTINGS_TAB_COUNT][UI_SETTINGS_TAB_LABEL_MAX];
+  uisettingsdiscard_t discard;
 } uisettings_t;
 
 extern uisettings_t UI_SETTINGS;
@@ -38,6 +40,14 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsInit(void);
  */
 errorret_t uiSettingsDraw(void);
 
+/**
+ * Updates the settings panel. Shows a discard-changes confirmation if
+ * the panel was just closed with unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsUpdate(void);
+
 /**
  * Returns true when the settings panel is currently open.
  *
@@ -61,3 +71,23 @@ void uiSettingsClose();
  * @return Any error that occurs.
  */
 errorret_t uiSettingsDispose(void);
+
+/**
+ * Loads every category page's widgets from the current engine settings.
+ * Called automatically by uiSettingsOpen.
+ */
+void uiSettingsLoad(void);
+
+/**
+ * Applies every category page's widget values to the engine settings.
+ * Called automatically when a page's own Apply button is pressed.
+ */
+void uiSettingsApply(void);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether any category page has a widget value that differs
+ * from what was loaded.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+bool_t uiSettingsHasChanges(void);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.c
index 4a870d4a..92a864e3 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.c
@@ -6,21 +6,40 @@
  */
 
 #include "uisettingsaudio.h"
+#include "assert/assert.h"
 #include "util/memory.h"
 
 uisettingsaudio_t UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO;
 
+void uiSettingsAudioSelected(
+  const uimenu_t *menu,
+  const uint8_t index,
+  const uimenuitem_t *item
+) {
+  if(index != UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO_INDEX_APPLY) return;
+  uiSettingsAudioApply();
+}
+
+void uiSettingsAudioClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
+  uiSettingsDiscardClosed(&UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.discard);
+}
+
 errorret_t uiSettingsAudioInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO, sizeof(uisettingsaudio_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.items;
-
-  MENU_BEGIN();
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.menu, UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.items,
+    uiSettingsAudioSelected, uiSettingsAudioClosed, NULL
+  );
   MENU_LABEL("No audio settings yet");
+  MENU_BUTTON("Apply");
 
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.items, menuIndex, 1);
+  MENU_END(UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.items, 1);
+
+  uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.discard, &UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.menu,
+    uiSettingsAudioHasChanges, uiSettingsAudioLoad
+  );
 
   errorOk();
 }
@@ -45,3 +64,17 @@ void uiSettingsAudioOpen(void) {
 void uiSettingsAudioClose(void) {
   uiMenuClose(&UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.menu);
 }
+
+errorret_t uiSettingsAudioUpdate(void) {
+  return uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(&UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO.discard);
+}
+
+void uiSettingsAudioLoad(void) {
+}
+
+void uiSettingsAudioApply(void) {
+}
+
+bool_t uiSettingsAudioHasChanges(void) {
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.h
index bad154e0..17594d9d 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsaudio.h
@@ -8,12 +8,15 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "error/error.h"
 #include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
 
-#define UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO_ITEM_COUNT 1
+#define UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO_ITEM_COUNT 2
+#define UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO_INDEX_APPLY 1
 
 typedef struct {
   uimenu_t menu;
   uimenuitem_t items[UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO_ITEM_COUNT];
+  uisettingsdiscard_t discard;
 } uisettingsaudio_t;
 
 extern uisettingsaudio_t UI_SETTINGS_AUDIO;
@@ -41,6 +44,14 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsAudioDraw(
   const float_t height
 );
 
+/**
+ * Updates the audio settings page. Shows a discard-changes
+ * confirmation if the page was just backed out of with unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsAudioUpdate(void);
+
 /**
  * Returns true when the audio settings page is currently open.
  *
@@ -57,3 +68,20 @@ void uiSettingsAudioOpen(void);
  * Closes the audio settings page. No-op when already closed.
  */
 void uiSettingsAudioClose(void);
+
+/**
+ * Loads the page's widgets from the current engine audio settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsAudioLoad(void);
+
+/**
+ * Applies the page's widget values to the engine audio settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsAudioApply(void);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether any widget's value differs from what was loaded.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+bool_t uiSettingsAudioHasChanges(void);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2f89a96e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Dominic Masters
+ *
+ * This software is released under the MIT License.
+ * https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ */
+
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
+#include "ui/frame/uiconfirm.h"
+#include "locale/localemanager.h"
+#include "asset/loader/locale/assetlocaleloader.h"
+
+void uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+  uisettingsdiscard_t *discard,
+  uimenu_t *menu,
+  uisettingshaschangesfn_t hasChanges,
+  uisettingsloadfn_t load
+) {
+  discard->menu = menu;
+  discard->hasChanges = hasChanges;
+  discard->load = load;
+  discard->pending = false;
+}
+
+void uiSettingsDiscardClosed(uisettingsdiscard_t *discard) {
+  if(discard->hasChanges()) discard->pending = true;
+}
+
+errorret_t uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(uisettingsdiscard_t *discard) {
+  if(!discard->pending) errorOk();
+  discard->pending = false;
+
+  char_t text[UI_SETTINGS_DISCARD_TEXT_MAX];
+  errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
+    &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
+    "ui.confirm.discard_changes",
+    0,
+    text,
+    UI_SETTINGS_DISCARD_TEXT_MAX
+  ));
+
+  uiConfirmOpen(text, uiSettingsDiscardConfirmResult, discard);
+
+  errorOk();
+}
+
+void uiSettingsDiscardConfirmResult(const bool_t result, void *user) {
+  uisettingsdiscard_t *discard = (uisettingsdiscard_t *)user;
+
+  if(!result) {
+    // Cancel means "keep editing" - reopen without reloading so the
+    // unsaved widget values the user had are preserved.
+    uiMenuOpen(discard->menu);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Confirmed - reload the widgets back to the actual engine values.
+  discard->load();
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ebc1d1e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdiscard.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Dominic Masters
+ *
+ * This software is released under the MIT License.
+ * https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include "error/error.h"
+#include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+
+#define UI_SETTINGS_DISCARD_TEXT_MAX 128
+
+/**
+ * Returns true if the owning settings page/panel has unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+typedef bool_t (*uisettingshaschangesfn_t)(void);
+
+/**
+ * Reloads the owning settings page/panel's widgets from the current
+ * engine settings.
+ */
+typedef void (*uisettingsloadfn_t)(void);
+
+typedef struct {
+  uimenu_t *menu;
+  uisettingshaschangesfn_t hasChanges;
+  uisettingsloadfn_t load;
+  bool_t pending;
+} uisettingsdiscard_t;
+
+/**
+ * Initializes a discard-changes confirmation helper for a settings
+ * page or panel.
+ *
+ * @param discard The helper state to initialize.
+ * @param menu The menu to reopen if the user cancels discarding.
+ * @param hasChanges Callback returning true if there are unsaved
+ * changes.
+ * @param load Callback that reloads the widgets from the current
+ * engine settings, called if the user confirms discarding changes.
+ */
+void uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+  uisettingsdiscard_t *discard,
+  uimenu_t *menu,
+  uisettingshaschangesfn_t hasChanges,
+  uisettingsloadfn_t load
+);
+
+/**
+ * Call from the owning menu's closed callback. Flags a pending
+ * confirmation if hasChanges() reports unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @param discard The helper state.
+ */
+void uiSettingsDiscardClosed(uisettingsdiscard_t *discard);
+
+/**
+ * Call every frame from the owning page/panel's update function. Shows
+ * the discard-changes confirmation dialog if one is pending.
+ *
+ * @param discard The helper state.
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(uisettingsdiscard_t *discard);
+
+/**
+ * Callback passed to uiConfirmOpen by uiSettingsDiscardUpdate. Reopens
+ * the menu if the user chose to keep editing.
+ *
+ * @param result True if the user confirmed discarding changes, false
+ * to keep editing. On true, the widgets are reloaded via load().
+ * @param user The uisettingsdiscard_t* this confirmation belongs to.
+ */
+void uiSettingsDiscardConfirmResult(const bool_t result, void *user);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.c
index 7f26c74a..1dd110cb 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.c
@@ -6,21 +6,40 @@
  */
 
 #include "uisettingsdisplay.h"
+#include "assert/assert.h"
 #include "util/memory.h"
 
 uisettingsdisplay_t UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY;
 
+void uiSettingsDisplaySelected(
+  const uimenu_t *menu,
+  const uint8_t index,
+  const uimenuitem_t *item
+) {
+  if(index != UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY_INDEX_APPLY) return;
+  uiSettingsDisplayApply();
+}
+
+void uiSettingsDisplayClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
+  uiSettingsDiscardClosed(&UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.discard);
+}
+
 errorret_t uiSettingsDisplayInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY, sizeof(uisettingsdisplay_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.items;
-
-  MENU_BEGIN();
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.menu, UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.items,
+    uiSettingsDisplaySelected, uiSettingsDisplayClosed, NULL
+  );
   MENU_LABEL("No display settings yet");
+  MENU_BUTTON("Apply");
 
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.items, menuIndex, 1);
+  MENU_END(UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.items, 1);
+
+  uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.discard, &UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.menu,
+    uiSettingsDisplayHasChanges, uiSettingsDisplayLoad
+  );
 
   errorOk();
 }
@@ -45,3 +64,17 @@ void uiSettingsDisplayOpen(void) {
 void uiSettingsDisplayClose(void) {
   uiMenuClose(&UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.menu);
 }
+
+errorret_t uiSettingsDisplayUpdate(void) {
+  return uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(&UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY.discard);
+}
+
+void uiSettingsDisplayLoad(void) {
+}
+
+void uiSettingsDisplayApply(void) {
+}
+
+bool_t uiSettingsDisplayHasChanges(void) {
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.h
index d8f913f4..cda4d0f9 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsdisplay.h
@@ -8,12 +8,15 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "error/error.h"
 #include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
 
-#define UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY_ITEM_COUNT 1
+#define UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY_ITEM_COUNT 2
+#define UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY_INDEX_APPLY 1
 
 typedef struct {
   uimenu_t menu;
   uimenuitem_t items[UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY_ITEM_COUNT];
+  uisettingsdiscard_t discard;
 } uisettingsdisplay_t;
 
 extern uisettingsdisplay_t UI_SETTINGS_DISPLAY;
@@ -41,6 +44,14 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsDisplayDraw(
   const float_t height
 );
 
+/**
+ * Updates the display settings page. Shows a discard-changes
+ * confirmation if the page was just backed out of with unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsDisplayUpdate(void);
+
 /**
  * Returns true when the display settings page is currently open.
  *
@@ -57,3 +68,20 @@ void uiSettingsDisplayOpen(void);
  * Closes the display settings page. No-op when already closed.
  */
 void uiSettingsDisplayClose(void);
+
+/**
+ * Loads the page's widgets from the current engine display settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsDisplayLoad(void);
+
+/**
+ * Applies the page's widget values to the engine display settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsDisplayApply(void);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether any widget's value differs from what was loaded.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+bool_t uiSettingsDisplayHasChanges(void);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.c
index f5c1255f..ce07e5df 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.c
@@ -22,33 +22,44 @@ void uiSettingsGameplaySelected(
   const uint8_t index,
   const uimenuitem_t *item
 ) {
-  if(index != UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_SHOW_CONFIRM) return;
-  uiConfirmOpen(
-    "Are you sure?", uiSettingsGameplayShowConfirmResult, NULL
-  );
+  if(index == UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_SHOW_CONFIRM) {
+    uiConfirmOpen(
+      "Are you sure?", uiSettingsGameplayShowConfirmResult, NULL
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if(index == UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_APPLY) {
+    uiSettingsGameplayApply();
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+void uiSettingsGameplayClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
+  uiSettingsDiscardClosed(&UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.discard);
 }
 
 errorret_t uiSettingsGameplayInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY, sizeof(uisettingsgameplay_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, uiSettingsGameplaySelected, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items;
-
-  MENU_BEGIN();
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.menu, UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items,
+    uiSettingsGameplaySelected, uiSettingsGameplayClosed, NULL
+  );
   MENU_BUTTON("Do thing");
   MENU_BUTTON("Do other thing");
   MENU_CHECKBOX("Enable thing?");
   MENU_SLIDER_FLOAT("test", 1.0f, 1.0f, 4.0f, 0.5f);
   MENU_BUTTON("Show confirm");
+  MENU_BUTTON("Apply");
 
-  assertTrue(
-    menuIndex <= UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_ITEM_COUNT,
-    "Gameplay settings item count mismatch"
+  MENU_END(UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items, 1);
+
+  uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.discard, &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.menu,
+    uiSettingsGameplayHasChanges, uiSettingsGameplayLoad
   );
 
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items, menuIndex, 1);
-
   errorOk();
 }
 
@@ -72,3 +83,41 @@ void uiSettingsGameplayOpen(void) {
 void uiSettingsGameplayClose(void) {
   uiMenuClose(&UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.menu);
 }
+
+errorret_t uiSettingsGameplayUpdate(void) {
+  return uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(&UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.discard);
+}
+
+void uiSettingsGameplayLoad(void) {
+  UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedEnableThing = uiCheckboxIsChecked(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_ENABLE_THING].checkbox
+  );
+  UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedTestValue = uiSliderGetFloat(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_TEST_SLIDER].slider
+  );
+}
+
+void uiSettingsGameplayApply(void) {
+  UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedEnableThing = uiCheckboxIsChecked(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_ENABLE_THING].checkbox
+  );
+  UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedTestValue = uiSliderGetFloat(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_TEST_SLIDER].slider
+  );
+}
+
+bool_t uiSettingsGameplayHasChanges(void) {
+  if(
+    uiCheckboxIsChecked(
+      &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_ENABLE_THING].checkbox
+    ) != UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedEnableThing
+  ) return true;
+
+  if(
+    uiSliderGetFloat(
+      &UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_TEST_SLIDER].slider
+    ) != UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY.loadedTestValue
+  ) return true;
+
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.h
index 8d7af472..4f5f4282 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsgameplay.h
@@ -8,13 +8,20 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "error/error.h"
 #include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
 
-#define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_ITEM_COUNT 5
+#define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_ITEM_COUNT 6
+#define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_ENABLE_THING 2
+#define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_TEST_SLIDER 3
 #define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_SHOW_CONFIRM 4
+#define UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_INDEX_APPLY 5
 
 typedef struct {
   uimenu_t menu;
   uimenuitem_t items[UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY_ITEM_COUNT];
+  uisettingsdiscard_t discard;
+  bool_t loadedEnableThing;
+  float_t loadedTestValue;
 } uisettingsgameplay_t;
 
 extern uisettingsgameplay_t UI_SETTINGS_GAMEPLAY;
@@ -42,6 +49,14 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsGameplayDraw(
   const float_t height
 );
 
+/**
+ * Updates the gameplay settings page. Shows a discard-changes
+ * confirmation if the page was just backed out of with unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsGameplayUpdate(void);
+
 /**
  * Returns true when the gameplay settings page is currently open.
  *
@@ -58,3 +73,20 @@ void uiSettingsGameplayOpen(void);
  * Closes the gameplay settings page. No-op when already closed.
  */
 void uiSettingsGameplayClose(void);
+
+/**
+ * Loads the page's widgets from the current engine gameplay settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsGameplayLoad(void);
+
+/**
+ * Applies the page's widget values to the engine gameplay settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsGameplayApply(void);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether any widget's value differs from what was loaded.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+bool_t uiSettingsGameplayHasChanges(void);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.c
index a128e7c0..8657890d 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.c
@@ -6,21 +6,55 @@
  */
 
 #include "uisettingsinput.h"
+#include "assert/assert.h"
 #include "util/memory.h"
+#include "locale/localemanager.h"
+#include "asset/loader/locale/assetlocaleloader.h"
+#include "input/input.h"
 
 uisettingsinput_t UI_SETTINGS_INPUT;
 
+void uiSettingsInputSelected(
+  const uimenu_t *menu,
+  const uint8_t index,
+  const uimenuitem_t *item
+) {
+  if(index != UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_APPLY) return;
+  uiSettingsInputApply();
+}
+
+void uiSettingsInputClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
+  uiSettingsDiscardClosed(&UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.discard);
+}
+
 errorret_t uiSettingsInputInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_SETTINGS_INPUT, sizeof(uisettingsinput_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items;
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.menu, UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items,
+    uiSettingsInputSelected, uiSettingsInputClosed, NULL
+  );
+  #ifdef DUSK_INPUT_GAMEPAD
+    errorChain(assetLocaleGetString(
+      &LOCALE.entry->data.locale,
+      "ui.settings.input.deadzone",
+      0,
+      UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.deadzoneLabel,
+      UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_LABEL_MAX
+    ));
+    MENU_SLIDER_FLOAT(
+      UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.deadzoneLabel, INPUT_DEADZONE_DEFAULT, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.05f
+    );
+  #else
+    MENU_LABEL("No input settings yet");
+  #endif
+  MENU_BUTTON("Apply");
+  MENU_END(UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items, 1);
 
-  MENU_BEGIN();
-  MENU_LABEL("No input settings yet");
-
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items, menuIndex, 1);
+  uiSettingsDiscardInit(
+    &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.discard, &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.menu,
+    uiSettingsInputHasChanges, uiSettingsInputLoad
+  );
 
   errorOk();
 }
@@ -45,3 +79,33 @@ void uiSettingsInputOpen(void) {
 void uiSettingsInputClose(void) {
   uiMenuClose(&UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.menu);
 }
+
+errorret_t uiSettingsInputUpdate(void) {
+  return uiSettingsDiscardUpdate(&UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.discard);
+}
+
+void uiSettingsInputLoad(void) {
+  #ifdef DUSK_INPUT_GAMEPAD
+    uiSliderSetFloat(
+      &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items[UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_DEADZONE].slider,
+      INPUT.deadzone
+    );
+  #endif
+}
+
+void uiSettingsInputApply(void) {
+  #ifdef DUSK_INPUT_GAMEPAD
+    INPUT.deadzone = uiSliderGetFloat(
+      &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items[UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_DEADZONE].slider
+    );
+  #endif
+}
+
+bool_t uiSettingsInputHasChanges(void) {
+  #ifdef DUSK_INPUT_GAMEPAD
+    if(uiSliderGetFloat(
+      &UI_SETTINGS_INPUT.items[UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_DEADZONE].slider
+    ) != INPUT.deadzone) return true;
+  #endif
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.h b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.h
index 2976fb78..c27b198d 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/settings/uisettingsinput.h
@@ -8,12 +8,18 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "error/error.h"
 #include "ui/widget/uimenu.h"
+#include "uisettingsdiscard.h"
 
-#define UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_ITEM_COUNT 1
+#define UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_ITEM_COUNT 2
+#define UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_LABEL_MAX 32
+#define UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_DEADZONE 0
+#define UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_INDEX_APPLY 1
 
 typedef struct {
   uimenu_t menu;
   uimenuitem_t items[UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_ITEM_COUNT];
+  uisettingsdiscard_t discard;
+  char_t deadzoneLabel[UI_SETTINGS_INPUT_LABEL_MAX];
 } uisettingsinput_t;
 
 extern uisettingsinput_t UI_SETTINGS_INPUT;
@@ -41,6 +47,14 @@ errorret_t uiSettingsInputDraw(
   const float_t height
 );
 
+/**
+ * Updates the input settings page. Shows a discard-changes confirmation
+ * if the page was just backed out of with unsaved changes.
+ *
+ * @return Any error that occurs.
+ */
+errorret_t uiSettingsInputUpdate(void);
+
 /**
  * Returns true when the input settings page is currently open.
  *
@@ -57,3 +71,20 @@ void uiSettingsInputOpen(void);
  * Closes the input settings page. No-op when already closed.
  */
 void uiSettingsInputClose(void);
+
+/**
+ * Loads the page's widgets from the current engine input settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsInputLoad(void);
+
+/**
+ * Applies the page's widget values to the engine input settings.
+ */
+void uiSettingsInputApply(void);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether any widget's value differs from what was loaded.
+ *
+ * @returns True if there are unsaved changes.
+ */
+bool_t uiSettingsInputHasChanges(void);
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/frame/uiconfirm.c b/src/dusk/ui/frame/uiconfirm.c
index 863ba9dd..2fded7ce 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/frame/uiconfirm.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/frame/uiconfirm.c
@@ -40,20 +40,13 @@ void uiConfirmClosed(const uimenu_t *menu) {
 errorret_t uiConfirmInit(void) {
   memoryZero(&UI_CONFIRM, sizeof(uiconfirm_t));
 
-  uimenu_t *menu = &UI_CONFIRM.menu;
-  uiMenuInit(menu, uiConfirmSelected, uiConfirmClosed, NULL);
-  menu->items = UI_CONFIRM.items;
-
-  MENU_BEGIN();
+  MENU_BEGIN(
+    &UI_CONFIRM.menu, UI_CONFIRM.items, uiConfirmSelected, uiConfirmClosed, NULL
+  );
   MENU_BUTTON("Confirm");
   MENU_BUTTON("Cancel");
 
-  assertTrue(
-    menuIndex <= UI_CONFIRM_ITEM_COUNT,
-    "Confirm item count mismatch"
-  );
-
-  uiMenuSetItems(menu, UI_CONFIRM.items, menuIndex, menuIndex);
+  MENU_END(UI_CONFIRM.items, menuIndex);
 
   errorOk();
 }
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/uielement.c b/src/dusk/ui/uielement.c
index b75d9a7d..7ddf2cba 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/uielement.c
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/uielement.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ uielement_t UI_ELEMENTS[] = {
 
   {
     .init = uiSettingsInit,
+    .update = uiSettingsUpdate,
     .draw = uiSettingsDraw,
     .dispose = uiSettingsDispose
   },
diff --git a/src/dusk/ui/widget/uimenu.h b/src/dusk/ui/widget/uimenu.h
index a6478db0..3c653dce 100644
--- a/src/dusk/ui/widget/uimenu.h
+++ b/src/dusk/ui/widget/uimenu.h
@@ -212,33 +212,44 @@ bool_t uiMenuFocusDirection(
 );
 
 // Helper macros
-#define MENU_BEGIN() uint8_t menuIndex = 0
+#define MENU_BEGIN(menuPtr, itemsArray, selected, closed, changed) \
+  uimenu_t *menu = (menuPtr); \
+  uiMenuInit(menu, selected, closed, changed); \
+  menu->items = (itemsArray); \
+  uint8_t menuIndex = 0; \
+  uint8_t menuCapacity = sizeof(itemsArray) / sizeof((itemsArray)[0])
 
 #define MENU_LABEL(text) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_LABEL; \
   menu->items[menuIndex].label = text; \
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_SPACER() \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_SPACER; \
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_CHECKBOX(label) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_CHECKBOX; \
   uiCheckboxInit(&menu->items[menuIndex].checkbox, label); \
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_BUTTON(label) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_BUTTON; \
   uiButtonInit(&menu->items[menuIndex].button, label); \
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_TAB(label) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_TAB; \
   uiTabInit(&menu->items[menuIndex].tab, label); \
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_SLIDER_FLOAT(label, value, min, max, step) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_SLIDER; \
   uiSliderInitFloat( \
     &menu->items[menuIndex].slider, label, value, min, max, step \
@@ -246,10 +257,14 @@ bool_t uiMenuFocusDirection(
   ++menuIndex
 
 #define MENU_SLIDER_INT(label, value, min, max, step) \
+  assertTrue(menuIndex < menuCapacity, "Menu item count exceeds capacity"); \
   menu->items[menuIndex].type = UI_MENU_WIDGET_TYPE_SLIDER; \
   uiSliderInitInt( \
     &menu->items[menuIndex].slider, label, value, min, max, step \
   ); \
   ++menuIndex
 
+#define MENU_END(itemsArray, columns) \
+  uiMenuSetItems(menu, (itemsArray), menuIndex, (columns))
+
 //EOF